段一·现身
三月十二日,塔里木乡,上午十一点。
从县城往南开了五十多公里。
路越走越窄,最后是土路。
两边不是杏园。
是一小块一小块的地,中间夹着杨树。
依明·尼亚孜家在村子最里头。
院墙是土的,门口有一棵很粗的杏树。
树身上有一圈疤,绕了半圈。
艾山江说那是三十年前接的口子。
院子里没有别人。
依明六十六岁,个子不高,戴一顶旧的花帽。
他手上没有茧。
指头很细,指甲修得很短。
这双手跟吐尔逊那双完全不一样。
他汉话不太好,可是听得懂。
他伸手,说的第一句是:
“钱我不会用。”
马可说:
“依明大叔。”
依明说:
“我不卖东西。”
他说:
“这个钱我放着。”
他说:
“你要什么,你说。”
段二·古文镜像
“今以朱书神农,墨书别录。”
“众家药录,各说不同……或五百九十五种,或四百四十一种,或三百一十九种……三品混糅,冷热舛错,草石不分,虫兽无辨。且所主治,互有得失,医家不能备见。”
“乃苞综诸经,研括烦省,以《神农本经》三品,合三百六十五为主,又进名医副品,亦三百六十五,合七百三十种。精粗皆取,无复遗落,分别科条,区畛物类,兼注铭时用,土地所出,及仙经道术所须。”
“诏问山中何所有?赋诗以答:山中何所有?岭上多白云。只可自怡悦,不堪持赠君。”
*English Mirror: I now write the Shennong text in vermilion and the Supplementary Records in black. — The various pharmacopoeias disagree with one another… some say five hundred and ninety-five kinds, some four hundred and forty-one, some three hundred and nineteen… the three grades are jumbled together, cold and hot are transposed, herbs and minerals are not separated, insects and beasts are not distinguished. And as to what each treats, one has it and another loses it, and no physician can see the whole. — So I gathered up all the classics, weighed what was excessive and what was scant, took as the trunk the three hundred and sixty-five of the Shennong Canon in its three grades, added three hundred and sixty-five supplementary entries from famous physicians, seven hundred and thirty in all. Fine and coarse alike I kept, letting nothing drop; I separated them by heading, marked out the boundaries of the categories, and noted besides the season of use, the soil each comes from, and what the arts of the immortals require. — The Emperor's rescript asked: what is there in the mountains? He answered in verse: What is there in the mountains? On the ridges, much white cloud. It can only please myself; it will not do to send to you.
那两座房在院子后头。
比吐尔逊那六座小很多。
一座大概能挂两吨鲜果,不到。
马可进去看了第一座。
里头的架子跟别处不一样。
别处的架子是一层一层通的,一挂挂满。
这两座房里,架子被木板隔成了一格一格。
一格大概一米宽。
马可数了一下,第一座房里三十二格。
每一格前头钉着一块小木片。
木片上有字,是维文,还有数字。
马可看不懂那些字,可是他看得懂数字。
九一。九三。九七。〇四。一三。一九。二二。
这些是年份。
马可问:
“这一格一格,是什么?”
依明说了一句。
艾山江翻:
“一格是一样树。”
马可站在那三十二格前面。
他问:
“这两座房一年出多少?”
依明比了一下。
艾山江翻:
“一格出一小袋。”
马可问:
“三十二小袋?”
依明点头。
马可问:
“卖吗?”
依明摇头。
他说了一句很短的话。
艾山江翻的时候顿了一下。
他说:
“他说,卖了就没得比了。”
马可站在那三十二格前面,把这句话在心里过了一遍。
两座房,一年的全部产出,三十二加十九,五十一小袋。
这五十一小袋一袋也不卖。
它们的用处只有一样:明年拿来跟明年的比。
马可算了一下这个成本。
两座房,一年能挂四吨鲜果。
四吨鲜果出干货接近九百斤。
按十五块一斤,一万三千五。
这两座房每年扔掉的,是一万三千五。
扔了四十年。
马可在本子上把这个乘法做了一遍,然后划掉了。
因为这么算是错的。
这两座房从来没有打算出货。
它们不是把一万三千五扔掉了。
它们是花一万三千五买了一样别的东西。
那样东西是什么,马可当时说不上来。
他试着说了几个词。
基准。对照。参照物。
这几个词他在纽约用了十几年,说出来都不对。
因为这几个词都假定有人要用它。
依明这五十一格,四十年,没有人来用过。
他自己用。
马可站在第一座房里,把这一层想明白了。
这五十一格不是给市场准备的。
是给「明年的依明」准备的。
一个人跟自己对账,对了四十年。
马可去年一年,为了留九串对照,花了不到两百块。
他当时觉得那是他做过最便宜的一件事。
今天他知道了那个价钱的另一端在哪儿。
段三·事件主体
陶弘景是那天中午出现的。
依明去屋里拿本子。
马可一个人在第二座房里等。
第二座房比第一座还小,只有十九格。
光从孔里进来,照在那些小木片上。
门口进来一个人。
六十上下,很瘦,脸色白,几乎不像常年在外头的人。
他戴的是葛巾,穿的是很旧的道服。
他手里拿着两支笔。
一支朱笔,一支墨笔。
他进来先看那些小木片。
看了大概一分钟,一格一格看过去。
看完他说的第一句是:
“这个人不会乱。”
马可说:
“先生怎么看出来的?”
那个人说:
“他把年份写在木片上,不写在本子上。”
他说:
“本子会挪,木片不会。”
他转过来。
他说:
“陶弘景。”
那天中午,陶弘景先说了他整理本草那件事。
他说:
“我那时候手上有好几种药录。”
他说:
“一种说五百九十五味。”
他说:
“一种说四百四十一味。”
他说:
“一种说三百一十九味。”
马可问:
“哪一种对?”
陶弘景说:
“都不对。”
他说:
“也都不错。”
他把那两支笔并在一起。
他说:
“它们本来是一本,是《神农本草经》,三百六十五味。”
他说:
“传了几百年,一路上有人往里加。”
他说:
“加的人是好意。”
他说:
“他见过一味药有用,就写进去。”
他抬起头。
他说:
“加的时候他没有标出来。”
他说:
“过了一百年,看的人分不出哪一味是原来的,哪一味是后加的。”
马可问:
“分不出有什么关系?”
陶弘景说:
“关系很大。”
他说:
“《本经》那三百六十五味,是几百年攒下来的,很多人验过。”
他说:
“后加的那些,可能只有一个人验过。”
他说:
“也可能一个人也没有验过,是他听来的。”
他把朱笔举起来。
他说:
“这两种东西,可靠的程度不一样。”
他说:
“写成同一种字,你就没有办法知道该信几分。”
他抬起头。
他说了一句,马可当时在本子上抄了三遍:
“我不删。”
他说:
“我一味也没有删。”
他说:
“我只是换了一支笔。”
那天中午,陶弘景说了那个办法。
他说:
“朱书神农,墨书别录。”
他说:
“《本经》那三百六十五味,用红的写。”
他说:
“名医加的那三百六十五味,用黑的写。”
他说:
“合起来七百三十味。”
马可问:
“红的就是真的,黑的就是假的?”
陶弘景说:
“不是。”
他说得很快。
他说:
“黑的里头有很好的。”
他说:
“红的里头也有后来证明不对的。”
他把两支笔分开,一左一右放在架子上。
他说:
“分开不是为了判高下。”
他说了一句,马可听完把本子合上了:
“分开是为了让看的人自己判。”
马可问了一句。
他说:
“先生,那您怎么知道哪一味是原来的?”
陶弘景说:
“我不完全知道。”
他答得很直。
他说:
“有几十味我拿不准。”
马可问:
“拿不准的您写成哪一种?”
陶弘景说:
“写成墨的。”
他说:
“拿不准的,往低了放。”
马可问:
“万一它本来是红的呢?”
陶弘景说:
“那就委屈它。”
他说:
“一味药被写成墨的,后头的人多验它几次。”
他说:
“多验几次不吃亏。”
他抬起头。
他说了一句,马可当天在本子上抄了两遍:
“一味药被写成朱的,后头的人就不验了。”
他说:
“错在朱那一边,是没有人会去查的错。”
他说:
“你写成一种字,你就替他判完了。”
依明拿本子回来的时候是十二点多。
本子是一个硬皮的,深绿色,边角全磨圆了。
很厚,比常那三十一本里任何一本都厚。
他把本子放在院子里的木桌上,翻开。
马可看了一眼,就知道自己读不了。
满页都是维文,手写的。
行距很密。
可是他看出了另外一件事。
这一页上有两种笔迹。
一种是蓝色的圆珠笔。
一种是铅笔。
两种不是混着写的。
每一行要么全是蓝的,要么全是铅笔的。
马可指着那两种,问了一句:
“为什么用两种笔?”
依明看了他一眼。
这一眼跟前面几次不一样。
他说了一句,艾山江翻过来是:
“你看出来了。”
那天下午,依明说了那两种笔。
他说:
“蓝的,是我看见的。”
他说:
“铅笔的,是人家告诉我的。”
马可问:
“这两样不能写一起?”
依明摇头。
他说了一段。
艾山江翻:
“他说,我看见的,我站在树底下看了三年。”
他说:
“人家告诉我的,是人家在电话里说的一句话。”
他说:
“这两样不一样。”
马可问:
“铅笔的您为什么还写?”
依明说了一句。
艾山江翻:
“他说,不写就没有了。”
马可问:
“为什么用铅笔?”
依明这一次自己用汉话答的。
他说了三个字:
“能擦掉。”
马可站在那儿,把这三个字想了一会儿。
他问:
“擦过吗?”
依明点头。
他往前翻了十几页,指着一处。
那一处有一片淡淡的痕,字被擦掉了,纸面起了毛。
旁边重新写了一行铅笔字。
马可问:
“为什么擦?”
依明说了一段。
艾山江翻:
“他说,一九九九年,有一家跟他说,那一种树三年就结果。”
他说:
“他写下来了。”
他说:
“过了四年,那家自己说,其实是五年。”
马可问:
“那他把三改成五?”
依明摇头。
他用手指了指那个擦过的地方,又指了指旁边新写的那一行。
艾山江翻:
“他说,他把整句擦了,重写。”
他说:
“新写的那一句是:他说三年,二〇〇三年他改口说五年。”
马可停住了。
这不是改数。
这是把「他改过口」这件事本身也记了进去。
马可在本子上写了一行:
「改一个数,和记下这个数被改过,是两件事。」
段四·钩子结尾
那天下午两点,马可问了他真正想问的。
他说:
“依明大叔,牙哈镇买买提家那四十二座房里的树,是您接的吗?”
依明点头。
马可问:
“哪一年?”
依明没有答。
他翻本子。
翻了大概两分钟。
翻到一页,用手指按住。
他说了一个数。
艾山江翻:
“二〇一三年。”
马可问:
“四十二座都是?”
依明摇头。
他把手指往下移了两行。
他说了一句。
艾山江翻的时候慢了下来。
他说:
“他说,三十九座是。”
他说:
“三座不是。”
马可站在那张木桌前面。
他说:
“那三座是什么?”
依明用手指了指自己院子里那棵老杏树。
他说了一句。
艾山江翻:
“他说,那三座是老的。”
马可问:
“跟这棵一样?”
依明点头。
马可问:
“那三十九座呢?”
依明又说了一句。
这一句艾山江翻得很慢,翻完自己也停了一下。
他说:
“他说,那三十九座是买买提要他接的。”
马可问:
“买买提要的什么?”
依明说了两个字。
艾山江翻:
“大的。”
马可在那张木桌前面站了很久。
他把这条线从头捋了一遍。
二〇年,乌鲁木齐那家公司给了一张纸。
纸上第三行写着:单果重不低于四点五克。
买买提保不住这一条,因为它跟第一条打架。
他保了水分,抽检的时候把大的放袋口。
这是二〇年以后的事。
可是接树是一三年。
比那张纸早七年。
马可问:
“大叔,一三年的时候,买买提为什么要大的?”
依明想了一下。
他说了一句。
艾山江翻:
“他说,那时候收购的人就开始挑大的了。”
他说:
“没有写在纸上。”
他说:
“就是拣货的时候,大的多给两毛。”
马可把这三句写下来。
写完他坐在那张木桌边上,很久没有动。
那张塑封的纸不是起点。
那张纸是结果。
真正的起点是十几年前,某一个拣货的人多给了两毛钱。
两毛钱走了十二年。
走成了三十九座房里的树。
走成了买买提他妈那三座房卖不出去。
马可又想到一件事,问了出来。
他说:
“大叔,一三年接的时候,您跟买买提说过什么吗?”
依明想了一下。
他说了一句。
艾山江翻:
“他说,我跟他说了,大的不甜。”
马可问:
“他怎么说?”
依明又说了一句。
艾山江这一次翻得很短。
他说:
“他说,我知道。”
马可坐在那儿,没有说话。
买买提知道。
依明说过。
这件事在一三年就有人说出口了,而且说得清清楚楚。
说了以后还是接了三十九座。
因为那两毛钱是当年就能拿到的。
不甜是十年以后的事。
马可在纽约做过一样活,叫贴现。
把十年以后的钱,折成今天的钱。
折的时候要用一个率。
率越高,十年以后的东西越不值钱。
买买提一三年那一下,用的率非常高。
高到十年以后那件事,等于零。
马可以前一直以为,这种人是短视。
今天他知道不是。
买买提一三年欠着建房的钱。
四十二座房,一二年建的。
建完第二年,他手上没有钱。
一个手上没有钱的人,那个率就是高的。
这个率不是他选的。
是他的现金流替他选的。
马可写完这一段,抬头看了一眼院子里那棵老树。
他自己现在卡上六万二。
他自己的那个率,今年也很高。
不甜是十年以后的事。
马可在本子上写了一行:
「不是没有人说。」
他停了一下,写完下半句:
「是说的那个人,说完就没有别的办法了。」
依明这时候又说了一句。
艾山江翻:
“他说,他妈留了三座。”
他说:
“他说,那三座是他妈跟他吵出来的。”
那天下午,马可问了那本本子里的一件事。
他说:
“大叔,那三十九座接完以后,您跟着记了吗?”
依明翻到后面。
他把本子转过来,让马可看。
马可还是读不懂那些字。
可是他看得出格式。
从二〇一三年往后,每一年有一段。
每一段前几行是蓝的,后几行是铅笔的。
马可指着二〇一九年那一段。
他问:
“这一年蓝的写的什么?”
艾山江看了看,念不下来。
他说:
“这是老写法,我认得字,读不通。”
依明抬头看了艾山江一眼。
然后他说了一句。
艾山江说:
“他说,让那个孩子来。”
马可问:
“哪个孩子?”
依明说了一个名字。
艾山江说:
“吐尔逊他孙子。”
他说:
“艾力。”
那天傍晚,马可想明白了那八千八百二十该买什么。
他不能买货,依明不卖货。
他不能买树,树不是这么买的。
他能买的只有一样。
他说:
“大叔,我想请人把这本本子念一遍。”
他说:
“从头念到尾,念的人记下来。”
他说:
“用汉字记,也用维文记,两样都留一份。”
他说:
“蓝笔那些用一种字体,铅笔那些用另一种。”
他说:
“分开的地方不能合上。”
这一条他说得很慢,怕艾山江翻错。
艾山江翻完,依明问了一句。
艾山江转过来说:
“他问你,为什么这一条最要紧。”
马可想了一下怎么说。
他说:
“因为过二十年,读的人不认识您。”
他说:
“他只看得见字。”
他说:
“要是蓝的和铅笔的写成一样,他就以为都是您看见的。”
他停了一下。
他说:
“那他会信得太多。”
艾山江翻完,依明点了点头。
他说了一句很短的。
艾山江翻:
“他说,我也怕这个。”
依明听完,没有立刻答。
他把本子合上,用手在封皮上按了一下。
过了一会儿,他问了一句。
艾山江翻过来是六个字。
这六个字马可去年八月在敦煌听过一次,一模一样:
“念给谁听?”
马可在院子里站着,没有立刻答。
他知道最漂亮的答案是「念给后来的人听」。
这句话去年他说过。
说的时候他自己都不太信。
他换了一个答法。
他说:
“先念给我听。”
他说:
“我今年就来一趟,明年三月再来一趟。”
他说:
“我看不懂这本,可是我看得懂那三十九座和那三座差在哪儿。”
他说:
“这个差别现在只有您一个人知道。”
他停了一下。
他说了最后一句:
“您六十六。”
依明没有说话。
他把手从封皮上拿开。
过了大概十秒钟,他说了一句。
艾山江翻:
“他说,好。”
他说:
“他说,一个冬天念得完。”
马可又问了一句。
他说:
“大叔,艾力今年初二。”
他说:
“他要考高中。”
依明听艾山江翻完,笑了一下。
他说了一句。
艾山江翻:
“他说,念给我听不耽误他考试。”
他说:
“他说,一个星期来一晚上就行。”
马可问:
“一晚上念多少?”
依明伸出手,比了一个厚度。
大概两指宽。
艾山江翻:
“他说,一晚上四五页。”
马可算了一下。
一星期四五页,一个冬天二十周,一百页左右。
这本大概三百页。
马可说:
“大叔,一个冬天念不完。”
依明听完,又笑了。
他说了一句。
艾山江翻的时候声音低了下来:
“他说,那就三个冬天。”
马可站在院子里,没有接话。
三个冬天,依明六十九。
艾力高二。
马可自己,卡上六万二,撑到七月。
三个人各有各的钟,走得不一样快。
那天晚上回县城的路上,马可问了艾山江一句。
他说:
“这一带,还有谁记这样的本子?”
艾山江开着车,没有立刻答。
过了大概两公里,他说:
他先说的不是本子。
他说:
“我妈今年七十。”
他说:
“我爸走了以后,她把那本从柜子里拿出来过一次。”
马可问:
“什么时候?”
艾山江说:
“去年冬天。”
马可问:
“她看了?”
艾山江说:
“她不识字。”
他说:
“她拿出来擦了一遍,又放回去了。”
车里静了一会儿。
然后艾山江说:
“我爸有一本。”
马可说:
“我知道。”
他说:
“去年您跟我说过,在您母亲那儿。”
艾山江说:
“你看过吗?”
马可说:
“没有。”
艾山江说:
“他那本比依明大叔这本要紧。”
马可问:
“为什么?”
艾山江说了两句:
“依明大叔记的是树。”
他说:
“我爸记的是天。”
他说:
“树是慢的。”
他说:
“接一棵,三年才知道对不对。”
他说:
“天是快的。”
他说:
“一天一行,三十几年,一万多行。”
马可问:
“记的是什么?”
艾山江说:
“风,云,几点起的雾。”
他说:
“还有一样。”
马可问:
“哪一样?”
艾山江说:
“那天他开了几个洞。”
这一句说完,马可在黑暗里坐直了。
因为这就是常那三十一本里没有的那一列。
二〇〇三年那三场雨,常记了。
那三天洞没有开,常没有记。
马可去年花了三天才把这一层挖出来。
艾山江他爸,三十几年,每天记两样。
天,和自己那天做了什么。
欲知后事如何,请看下回,《老太太那本》
本回附录
四篇附录合计比正文还长。默认收起,想读哪篇点哪篇。
东坡笔记Dongpo's Note3 字
苏东坡当夜记下的:这一回他看见了什么
Twelfth of March, fifty-odd kilometres south of the county town, the road narrowing to dirt. Not orchard out here — small plots with poplars between them. Yiming Niyaz's place is at the far end of the village: mud wall, and by the gate one very thick apricot tree with a scar running half round the trunk. Aishanjiang says that is a graft from thirty years ago.
Yiming, sixty-six, short, an old embroidered cap. His hands have no calluses. Thin fingers, nails cut very short — nothing at all like Tursun's. He put his hand out and led with: I don't know how to use the money. And: I don't sell things. I'll just keep it. You say what you want.
The two houses are behind the courtyard, much smaller than Tursun's six — under two tonnes of fresh fruit each. Inside, the racking is wrong. Everywhere else the racks run through in continuous tiers and you fill them. Here they are partitioned with boards into compartments about a metre wide. I counted thirty-two in house one. A small wooden tag nailed at the front of each, Uyghur script and figures. I can't read the script; I can read the numbers. 91. 93. 97. 04. 13. 19. 22. They are years. What are the compartments? One compartment, one kind of tree. Output? One compartment makes one small bag. Thirty-two small bags. Do you sell them? He shook his head, and Aishanjiang paused before rendering it: he says, if he sold them there'd be nothing left to compare against.
Tao Hongjing came at noon in house two — nineteen compartments, smaller still — sixty or so, thin, a pale face for a man who lives outdoors, a hemp headcloth and an old Daoist robe, two brushes in his hand, one vermilion and one black. He read the tags first, one compartment at a time, for about a minute. This man doesn't get muddled. How can you tell? He writes the years on the tags and not in the book. A book can be moved. A tag can't. And: Tao Hongjing.
On the pharmacopoeias: I had several to hand. One said five hundred and ninety-five kinds. One said four hundred and forty-one. One said three hundred and nineteen. Which was right? None of them. And none of them was wrong. Putting the two brushes side by side: they were one book once — the Shennong Canon, three hundred and sixty-five. It was handed down for centuries and people added to it along the way. The people who added meant well; a man had seen a drug work, so he wrote it in. And: he didn't mark it when he added it. A century later the reader cannot tell which entry is original and which was put in afterwards.
Does that matter? It matters a great deal. The three hundred and sixty-five of the Canon were accumulated over centuries and tested by many. The later additions may have been tested by one man. Or by nobody — he may only have heard it. Raising the vermilion brush: the two are not equally reliable. Write them in the same ink and you have no way of knowing how far to believe. And then, three times into the book: I delete nothing. I did not strike out a single entry. All I did was change brushes.
The method: vermilion for Shennong, black for the Supplementary Records. Three hundred and sixty-five in red, three hundred and sixty-five in black, seven hundred and thirty in all. Is red true and black false? No. Immediately. There are excellent things among the black. And there are things among the red that were later shown to be wrong. Setting the brushes down apart from each other on the rack: separating them is not to rank them. And, and I shut my notebook: separating them is so the reader can judge for himself. Write them in one ink and you have judged for him already.
Yiming came back after noon with the book: dark green hard cover, corners worn round, thicker than any of Chang's thirty-one. I knew at a glance I couldn't read it — solid handwritten Uyghur, lines close together. But I could see something else. There are two hands on the page. Blue ballpoint, and pencil. They are not mixed. Every line is either all blue or all pencil. I pointed at the two and asked why. He looked at me, and it was a different look from the earlier ones. You saw it. And then: blue is what I saw. Pencil is what people told me. Can't they go together? A headshake, and a long answer: what I saw, I stood under the tree and watched for three years. What people told me is one sentence somebody said on the telephone. They are not the same thing. Then why write the pencil at all? Because if I don't write it, it's gone. And why pencil? — and this he answered himself, in Chinese, three syllables: 能擦掉. It can be rubbed out. — M.
马可备忘Marco's Memo16 字
分析师的复盘:数字、结论、他改了哪条规矩
Memo to file. Tarim township, Kucha, 12 March 2031. Family three: Yiming Niyaz, 66. Two drying houses. He does not sell fruit. He grafts.
1. What the two houses are. Not production. Racks partitioned into compartments — 32 in house one, 19 in house two — one compartment per tree type, each with a nailed wooden tag carrying a year: 91, 93, 97, 04, 13, 19, 22. Annual output: one small bag per compartment. Not sold, ever: "if he sold them there'd be nothing left to compare against." Fifty-one permanent controls, maintained for forty years, at the cost of the entire output of two drying houses. I have spent this year congratulating myself for retaining nine reference strings.
2. The book, and the single most useful thing I have seen in three years of looking at other people's records. — Forty years, handwritten Uyghur, unreadable to me. — Two hands, never mixed, line by line: blue ballpoint = what he observed himself. Pencil = what growers reported to him. — His reason: "what I saw, I stood under the tree and watched for three years. What people told me is one sentence somebody said on the telephone." — And why pencil specifically: "it can be rubbed out." A sixty-six-year-old grafter in a village at the end of a dirt road has independently implemented source attribution and mutability by choice of writing instrument. Tao Hongjing did the same thing in the fifth century with two inks — vermilion for the canonical, black for the later additions — and his justification is the one I want on my own pages: separating them is not to rank them; it is so the reader can judge for himself. Write them in one ink and you have judged for him already. And: I delete nothing. All I did was change brushes. Against which my own practice — one line on Qiao's page saying 以下为推算,非表内数据 — is the right instinct executed once, in small type, on one sheet. He has done it on every line for forty years.
3. The finding, and it reorganises everything I thought I knew about family two. — Maimaiti's forty-two houses are not one population. Thirty-nine were grafted by Yiming in 2013 to Maimaiti's specification. Three were not. — The three are the old variety, the same as the scarred tree by Yiming's gate — which is to say: the mother's three houses are not just dried differently, they are a different tree. — What did Maimaiti ask for in 2013? Two syllables: 大的. Big ones.
4. And the chain, which runs the wrong way round from what I assumed. — I had the Ürümqi spec (2020, mean fruit weight ≥4.5 g) as the cause of everything. — The grafting is 2013. Seven years earlier. — Why then? "Around then the buyers had already started picking out the big ones. It wasn't written anywhere. It was just that when they sorted, the big ones got twenty fen more." A twenty-fen sorting premium, unwritten, in about 2013, walked twelve years and came out as thirty-nine houses of a different tree and a laminated sheet on a wall. The spec is not the cause. The spec is the fossil. By the time a preference is written down as a number, it has already changed the orchard, and changing it back is not a matter of renegotiating four lines — it is a matter of grafting.
5. What the ¥8,820 buys, since he sells nothing. I could not buy fruit, and trees are not bought that way. I commissioned a reading. Terms: the whole book read aloud and written down, from the first page to the last; recorded in Chinese and in Uyghur, both kept; blue-pen entries and pencil entries set in two different typefaces; what he separated must not be joined. And the reader: Ailì, the fourteen-year-old from family one — the boy who bites. Aishanjiang can recognise the characters but cannot read the old orthography; Yiming himself named the boy. The one person in three villages who can read the record is also the one person who holds the calibration, and he wants to sit his exams and leave.
6. His question, which I have now been asked twice in two years and in two languages. He shut the book, pressed his hand flat on the cover, and after a while asked six characters. 念给谁听 — read it to whom? Last August in Dunhuang I had a pretty answer to this and did not fully believe it when I said it. This time: "Read it to me first." And: "I'll come once this year and again next March." And: "I can't read this book, but I can see the difference between those thirty-nine houses and those three, and right now that difference is in one man's head." And: "You are sixty-six." Ten seconds. "He says all right. He says one winter is enough to finish it."
7. Standing note on what this trip has actually turned up. I came to buy fruit and have bought none. What I have found, in four days, is three surviving instruments and one archive: Tursun's bite (transferred to a schoolboy, verified 3–1 over four disagreements), Maimaiti's mother's bite (74, ~20,000 fruit over 63 years, unrecorded), Yiming's fifty-one living controls and forty-year two-ink log, and — tomorrow — the Ai father's book. Aishanjiang, driving back, unprompted: "His is more important than Yiming's." Why? "Yiming records trees. My father recorded the weather."
英文精读English Highlight0 字
本回所引古文的英译与解读
"I delete nothing. All I did was change brushes."
He had inherited a mess. The pharmacopoeias in circulation disagreed with each other about how many substances there even were — five hundred and ninety-five, four hundred and forty-one, three hundred and nineteen — and, as he put it, the three grades are jumbled together, cold and hot are transposed, herbs and minerals are not separated, insects and beasts are not distinguished.
Asked which of the versions was correct, he said none of them, and none of them was wrong, and then explained how a book comes apart. They had all begun as one text of three hundred and sixty-five entries, handed down for centuries, and along the way people had added to it. The people who added meant well. A man had seen a drug work, so he wrote it in.
The fault was not the adding. He didn't mark it when he added it. A century later the reader cannot tell which entry is original and which was put in afterwards.
And that matters, because the two classes of entry are not equally supported. The old core had been accumulated over centuries and tested by many hands; the later additions may have been tested by one man — or by nobody, he may only have heard it. Written in the same ink, you have no way of knowing how far to believe.
His solution added nothing and removed nothing. Vermilion for the canon, black for the supplementary records. Three hundred and sixty-five of each, seven hundred and thirty in all, everything kept, nothing struck out.
Is red true and black false? No. There are excellent things among the black, and things among the red that were later shown to be wrong. Then why separate them?
Separating them is not to rank them. Separating them is so the reader can judge for himself. Write them in one ink and you have judged for him already.
Fifteen hundred years later, in a courtyard at the end of a dirt road, a man of sixty-six keeps a forty-year notebook in two hands that are never mixed: blue ballpoint for what he watched himself, pencil for what growers told him on the telephone. Asked why the distinction, he said: what I saw, I stood under the tree and watched for three years; what people told me is one sentence somebody said on the telephone. Asked why he bothered writing the reported things down at all: because if I don't write it, it's gone.
And asked why pencil, he answered in three syllables, in his second language. It can be rubbed out.
速查表Cheat Sheet715 字
典故与现代对应,一行一条
| 三月十二日 | 出处 | 现代对应 | 一句话 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 院门口一棵老杏树,树身上一圈疤 | 三十年前接的口子 | 依明六十六,手上没有茧,指头很细 | 钱我不会用,我不卖东西,你要什么你说 |
| 架子被木板隔成一格一格,一米宽 | 第一座三十二格,第二座十九格 | 每格钉一块小木片,写着年份 | 一格是一样树 |
| 一格出一小袋。卖吗。不卖 | 卖了就没得比了 | 五十一个活的对照,四十年 | 两座房全年的产出,就是维持这些对照 |
| 他把年份写在木片上不写在本子上 | 本子会挪,木片不会 | ||
| 一种说五百九十五,一种四百四十一,一种三百一十九 | 哪一种对。都不对,也都不错 | 本来是一本,三百六十五味 | 加的人是好意,加的时候没有标出来 |
| 《本经》那些几百年攒的,很多人验过 | 后加的可能只有一个人验过 | 也可能一个人也没验过,是听来的 | 写成同一种字,你就不知道该信几分 |
| 我一味也没有删,我只是换了一支笔 | 朱书神农,墨书别录,合七百三十 | 红的就是真的吗。不是 | 分开不是判高下,是让看的人自己判 |
| 你写成一种字,就替他判完了 | |||
| 本子深绿硬皮,四十年,满页维文 | 两种笔迹,蓝圆珠笔和铅笔 | 每一行要么全蓝要么全铅笔 | 你看出来了 |
| 蓝的是我看见的 | 铅笔的是人家告诉我的 | 我看见的,我在树底下看了三年 | 人家告诉我的,是电话里的一句话 |
| 铅笔的为什么还写。不写就没有了 | 为什么用铅笔 | 他用汉话答了三个字 | 能擦掉 |
| 买买提四十二座,三十九座是我接的 | 三座不是,三座是老的 | 买买提要的什么。大的 | 接树是二〇一三年 |
| 那张纸是二〇年,比接树晚七年 | 一三年为什么要大的 | 那时候拣货的人,大的多给两毛 | 没有写在纸上 |
| 两毛钱走了十二年 | 走成了三十九座房里的树 | 走成了他妈那三座卖不出去 | 那张纸不是起点,是结果 |
| 八千八百二十买什么 | 请人把这本念一遍,汉维各留一份 | 蓝笔一种字体,铅笔另一种,分开的不能合上 | 念的人:吐尔逊他孙子艾力 |
| 念给谁听 | 先念给我听 | 这个差别现在只有您一个人知道 | 您六十六 |
| 好。一个冬天念得完 | 这一带还有谁记这样的本子 | 我爸有一本,在我妈那儿 | 依明记的是树,我爸记的是天 |